FAQ
What is an antigen test?
An antigen test, the type of test generally used in at-home kits, uses lab-made antibodies to search for antigens from the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It requires a sample to be collected from a nasal swab, which is then placed into reagent material in an enclosed packet. If the lab-made antibodies bind to coronavirus antigens, a colored line appears on the test strip indicating the presence of SARS-CoV-2.
What is a PCR test?
A polymerase chain reaction test, also known as a PCR test, is a molecular test administered by a healthcare worker. The PCR test analyzes your upper respiratory specimen (generally from a nasal swab), looking for genetic material of SARS-CoV-2. Scientists use PCR technology to amplify small amounts of RNA from specimens into DNA, which is replicated until SARS-CoV-2 is detectable if present.
What is the difference between an antigen test and a PCR test?
An antigen test is easy to use and you do not need special training to administer this test at home. It also produces results quickly, in about 15-30 minutes. Each test generally costs around $15. However, it can sometimes be slightly less reliable than a PCR test, especially in the early stages of infection. A PCR test must be sent to a lab and can take anywhere from 12 hours to 5 days to get results back. It can also be much more expensive ($100 or more) if paying out of pocket.
Sources:
Hafer, N. (2022, January 4). COVID-19 tests: Understanding the difference between PCR and antigen tests. Marketwatch.com. https://www.marketwatch.com/story/covid-19-tests-understanding-the-difference-between-pcr-and-antigen-tests-11641315994